Types of Parking Systems – Which Solution to Choose?

The rapid development of technology and growing user expectations mean that parking systems are constantly evolving. Today, investors can choose from various models – from traditional ticket-based systems, through ticketless hybrid solutions, to barrier-free parking systems. How do they differ, and which one works best for a given facility?

 

Parking Systems – Basic Classification

Parking systems can be divided into two main categories:

• Barrier-based systems
• Barrier-free systems

Each has its advantages and limitations, both functionally and economically.

 

1. Barrier-Based Systems – Control, Security, and Integrity

Barrier-based systems are the most commonly chosen solution for paid parking. Entry and exit occur through entry and exit terminals, and the passage is controlled by a physical barrier – the gate.

 

Main advantages of barrier-based systems:

• High system integrity – every vehicle must be identified at entry and exit.
• Effective payment control – the barrier will not open without payment.
• Increased security – restricted access to the parking area.
• Full automation possible – no personnel required.

Barrier-based systems are ideal where maximum control over vehicle flow and parking profitability matter – e.g., in office buildings, shopping malls, or urban zones.

 

Types of Barrier-Based Systems

A) Traditional Ticket System

This classic solution works as follows:

• The driver collects a paper ticket at the entry terminal.
• Payment is made at an automatic pay station before exit (cash or cashless).
• The ticket is scanned at the exit terminal, and the system opens the barrier.

Advantage: Low technological barrier, familiar to all users.
Disadvantage: Risk of losing the ticket and the need to scan it physically, which prolongs processing time. For the investor, it involves higher operating costs (printing a ticket for each user).

 

B) Ticketless Hybrid

A modern solution combining LPR technology (license plate recognition) with the option of issuing a backup ticket.

• LPR cameras at entry and exit automatically register the license plate number.
• The system allows passage without a ticket, but if recognition fails (e.g., plate is dirty, snow-covered, or missing), a backup ticket can be issued.
• Payment is made at the automatic pay station or via the mobile app.

Advantage: Flexibility – recognizes regular customers while also serving rotational customers. The system ensures integrity, reliability, and coverage for all customer types. High throughput = most drivers do not need to take a ticket, reducing operating costs.

C) Fully Ticketless (Contactless)

• LPR cameras identify the vehicle at entry and exit.
• Payment is made via mobile app, website, or at an automatic pay station (by entering the license plate number).
• The barrier opens automatically – no stopping required.

Advantage: User comfort, speed, no physical contact.
Disadvantage: Potential for congestion if recognition fails (e.g., missing, unreadable, or damaged plate), requiring manual intervention and increasing costs.

 

2. Barrier-Free Systems – Speed at the Cost of Control

Barrier-free parking systems are increasingly popular abroad, especially in open urban areas or park-and-ride zones. They operate on free entry and exit, supervised mainly by LPR cameras, with automatic billing.

How does a barrier-free system work?

• LPR cameras record the license plate at entry and exit.
• Fees are calculated automatically, and users have a set time to pay via the app or online.
• No physical barriers – the car does not need to stop.

 

Disadvantages of Barrier-Free Systems:

• Lower integrity – more vulnerable to abuse and evasion.
• No instant payment enforcement – may require follow-up (fines or collections).
• Less access control – especially in private or commercial facilities.
• In Poland, additional administrative and financial challenges arise in obtaining owner data from CEPiK.

 

Why Barrier-Based Systems Are More Effective

Despite the growing popularity of barrier-free systems, especially in Western Europe, barrier-based systems remain the most effective solution in Poland regarding:

• Financial integrity – every exit requires payment or authorization.
• Security – the physical barrier limits unauthorized access.
• Traffic management – zones can be restricted to subscription customers only.

 

Summary – Choose the System That Fits Your Needs

The choice of a parking system depends on the facility, expected turnover, number of spaces, and customer profile. If maximum control, profitability, and integrity are your priorities, choose a hybrid barrier system, which handles all situations reliably.

Need help choosing the right parking system? Contact the Car Flow System team – we will advise, design, and implement a solution perfectly tailored to your needs.